Search | Engineering

Subscribe Submit

Home Journals Focus Achievement Fronts About Us 中文版

Resource Type

Journal Article 92

Year

2023 3

2022 4

2021 5

2020 4

2019 3

2018 9

2017 7

2016 8

2015 8

2014 1

2013 3

2012 3

2011 2

2010 1

2009 4

2008 3

2007 4

2006 3

2005 2

2004 4

open ︾

Keywords

basic research 3

basic fibroblast growth factor 2

basic paradigms 2

development strategy 2

ecological protection and construction 2

3-dimensional conformal radiation therapy 1

sui generis system 1

AI chip 1

Advanced manufacturing 1

Analytical structure 1

Antenna array 1

Autonomous learning 1

Autonomous vehicle 1

Barcelona Basic model (BBM) 1

Basic paradigm 1

Basic paradigms 1

Bian Que 1

Bush’s linear model of innovation 1

CONCEPTS 1

open ︾

Search scope:

排序： Display mode:

FOOD SYSTEMS TRANSFORMATION: CONCEPTS, MECHANISMS AND PRACTICES

Frontiers of Agricultural Science and Engineering 2023, Volume 10, Issue 1, Pages 1-3 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2023491

Abstract: FOOD SYSTEMS TRANSFORMATION: CONCEPTS, MECHANISMS AND PRACTICES

Keywords： TRANSFORMATION SYSTEMS FOOD CONCEPTS MECHANISMS

HTML PDF Collect

Critical Examination of Safety Science

Fu Gui,Zhang Jiangshi,Xu Surui

Strategic Study of CAE 2004, Volume 6, Issue 8, Pages 12-16

Abstract: comprehensive analysis of many contributions by scientists in accident and injury prevention field, 6 basicconcepts and 3 axioms have been identified by the authors, which can be used to structure the frame

Keywords： safety science structure frame research objects accident prevention basic concepts axiom

HTML PDF Collect

Protecting traditional knowledge of Chinese medicine: concepts and proposals

Changhua Liu, Man Gu

Frontiers of Medicine 2011, Volume 5, Issue 2, Pages 212-218 doi: 10.1007/s11684-011-0142-x

Abstract: With the development of the knowledge economy, knowledge has become one of the most important resources for social progress and economic development. Some countries have proposed measures for the protection of their own traditional knowledge. Traditional Chinese medicine belongs to the category of intangible cultural heritage because it is an important part of Chinese cultural heritage. Today the value of traditional knowledge of Chinese medicine has been widely recognized by the domestic and international public. This paper discusses the definition of traditional knowledge of Chinese medicine and its protection, and evaluates research on its classification. We review the present status of the protection of traditional knowledge of Chinese medicine and tentatively put forward some possible ideas and methods for the protection of traditional knowledge of Chinese medicine. Our goal is to find a way to strengthen the vitality of traditional Chinese medicine and consolidate its foundation. We believe that if we could establish a suitable ( is a Latin term meaning “of its own kind” and is often used in discussions about protecting the rights of indigenous peoples. Here we use it to emphasize the fact that protection of traditional knowledge of Chinese medicine cannot be achieved through existing legal means of protection alone due to its unique characteristics) system for traditional knowledge, a more favorable environment for the preservation and development of traditional Chinese medicine will ultimately be created.

Keywords： protection of traditional knowledge traditional Chinese medicine intellectual property sui generis system

HTML PDF Collect

Human-cyber-physical systems: concepts, challenges, and research opportunities

Zhiming Liu, Ji Wang,zhimingliu88@swu.edu.cn,jiwang@ios.ac.cn

Frontiers of Information Technology & Electronic Engineering 2020, Volume 21, Issue 11, Pages 1535-1670 doi: 10.1631/FITEE.2000537

Abstract: historic background of human-cyber-physical systems (HCPSs), and then introduce and clarify important concepts

HTML PDF Collect

Ecological conservation, remediation and construction for building an ecological civilization in China: concepts

Guofang SHEN

Frontiers of Agricultural Science and Engineering 2017, Volume 4, Issue 4, Pages 376-379 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2017186

Abstract: This paper explains and discusses the concepts of ecological conservation and construction in China in

Keywords： ecological conservation development construction ” description important governmental

HTML PDF Collect

The origins of schedule management: the concepts used in planning, allocating, visualizing and managing

Lynda M. BOURNE, Patrick WEAVER

Frontiers of Engineering Management 2018, Volume 5, Issue 2, Pages 150-166 doi: 10.15302/J-FEM-2018012

Abstract: This paper traces the development of the concepts most project managers take for granted including barThe first section of the paper looks at the development of concepts that allow the visualization of time

Keywords： time management scheduling CPM PERT Gantt Critical Path bar chart

HTML PDF Collect

Design concepts of an aircraft wing: composite and morphing airfoil with auxetic structures

P R BUDARAPU,Sudhir Sastry Y B,R NATARAJAN

Frontiers of Structural and Civil Engineering 2016, Volume 10, Issue 4, Pages 394-408 doi: 10.1007/s11709-016-0352-z

Abstract: This paper is categorized into two parts. (1) A frame work to design the aircraft wing structure and (2) analysis of a morphing airfoil with auxetic structure. The developed design frame work in the first part is used to arrive at the sizes of the various components of an aircraft wing structure. The strength based design is adopted, where the design loads are extracted from the aerodynamic loads. The aerodynamic loads acting on a wing structure are converted to equivalent distributed loads, which are further converted point loads to arrive at the shear forces, bending and twisting moments along the wing span. Based on the estimated shear forces, bending and twisting moments, the strength based design is employed to estimate the sizes of various sections of a composite wing structure. A three dimensional numerical model of the composite wing structure has been developed and analyzed for the extreme load conditions. Glass fiber reinforced plastic material is used in the numerical analysis. The estimated natural frequencies are observed to be in the acceptable limits. Furthermore, the discussed design principles in the first part are extended to the design of a morphing airfoil with auxetic structure. The advantages of the morphing airfoil with auxetic structure are (i) larger displacement with limited straining of the components and (ii) unique deformation characteristics, which produce a theoretical in-plane Poisson’s ratio of −1. Aluminum Alloy AL6061-T651 is considered in the design of all the structural elements. The compliance characteristics of the airfoil are investigated through a numerical model. The numerical results are observed to be in close agreement with the experimental results in the literature.

Keywords： wing design aerodynamic loads morphing airfoil auxetic structures negative Poisson’s ratio

HTML PDF Collect

Redox flow batteries—Concepts and chemistries for cost-effective energy storage

Matthäa Verena HOLLAND-CUNZ, Faye CORDING, Jochen FRIEDL, Ulrich STIMMING

Frontiers in Energy 2018, Volume 12, Issue 2, Pages 198-224 doi: 10.1007/s11708-018-0552-4

Abstract: Electrochemical energy storage is one of the few options to store the energy from intermittent renewable energy sources like wind and solar. Redox flow batteries (RFBs) are such an energy storage system, which has favorable features over other battery technologies, e.g. solid state batteries, due to their inherent safety and the independent scaling of energy and power content. However, because of their low energy-density, low power-density, and the cost of components such as redox species and membranes, commercialised RFB systems like the all-vanadium chemistry cannot make full use of the inherent advantages over other systems. In principle, there are three pathways to improve RFBs and to make them viable for large scale application: First, to employ electrolytes with higher energy density. This goal can be achieved by increasing the concentration of redox species, employing redox species that store more than one electron or by increasing the cell voltage. Second, to enhance the power output of the battery cells by using high kinetic redox species, increasing the cell voltage, implementing novel cell designs or membranes with lower resistance. The first two means reduce the electrode surface area needed to supply a certain power output, thereby bringing down costs for expensive components such as membranes. Third, to reduce the costs of single or multiple components such as redox species or membranes. To achieve these objectives it is necessary to develop new battery chemistries and cell configurations. In this review, a comparison of promising cell chemistries is focused on, be they all-liquid, slurries or hybrids combining liquid, gas and solid phases. The aim is to elucidate which redox-system is most favorable in terms of energy-density, power-density and capital cost. Besides, the choice of solvent and the selection of an inorganic or organic redox couples with the entailing consequences are discussed.

Keywords： electrochemical energy storage redox flow battery vanadium

HTML PDF Collect

Economic Growth Model Based on Six Basic Factors of Production—Xu Growth Rate Equation

Shou-bo Xu,Zong-yuan Huang

Frontiers of Engineering Management 2014, Volume 1, Issue 2, Pages 160-175 doi: 10.15302/J-FEM-2014024

Abstract: This paper proposes an economic growth model based on the Six Basic Factors of Production and Xu GrowthThe empirical analysis indicates that over the past three decades, the consumption of six basic factorsIn some years, the consumption rate of the basic factors of production was meager, but the economy witnessed

Keywords： six basic factors of production economic growth model Xu Growth Rate Equation

HTML PDF Collect

Ultrasonic emulsification: basic characteristics, cavitation, mechanism, devices and application

Frontiers of Chemical Science and Engineering 2023, Volume 17, Issue 10, Pages 1560-1583 doi: 10.1007/s11705-022-2160-4

Abstract: Emulsion systems are widely applied in agriculture, food, cosmetic, pharmaceutical and biomedical industries. Ultrasound has attracted much attention in emulsion preparation, especially for nanoemulsion, due to its advantages of being eco-friendly, cost-effective and energy-efficient. This review provides an overview for readers to the area of ultrasonic emulsification technology. It briefly introduces and summarizes knowledge of ultrasonic emulsification, including emulsion characteristics, acoustic cavitation, emulsification mechanism, ultrasonic devices and applications. The combination of microfluidics and ultrasound is highlighted with huge advantages in controlling cavitation phenomena and emulsification intensification. A novel scale of dμ_C^0.6/μ_D^0.33−E_V is proposed to be able to compare the energy efficiency of emulsion preparation in different devices.

Keywords： nanoemulsion ultrasound microreactor multiphase energy

HTML PDF Collect

Concepts and implementation of strain-based criteria in design codes for steel structures

Reidar BJORHOVDE

Frontiers of Structural and Civil Engineering 2012, Volume 6, Issue 3, Pages 210-216 doi: 10.1007/s11709-012-0165-7

Abstract: A uniaxial tension test is commonly used to determine the mechanical properties of steel, but it has no meaning for the response of the material in a structure. The test was developed as a consensus solution by producers, fabricators, designers and code writers, to have a standard by which similar materials could be compared to a common base. It does not represent the actual behavior of the steel in a structure, and was never intended to do so. To study the true behavior of the structure and how the material responds it would be better to determine the strains and deformations that will take place during actual service condition. Such characteristics reflect the real behavior, whether in the elastic or inelastic range. If stresses or forces are needed, these are easily determined by the value of the strain and the relevant material modulus, along with the type of cross section, whether elastic or inelastic. The paper addresses the properties of a range of structural steels, how these are incorporated into design standards and how the standards define deformation characteristics and demands for bolted and welded connections.

Keywords： steel stress-strain characteristics tension test strain design actual behavior improved design codes

HTML PDF Collect

Essential training steps to achieving competency in the basic intraoperative transesophageal echocardiography

Yong G. Peng,Haibo Song,E. Wang,Weipeng Wang,Jin Liu

Frontiers of Medicine 2015, Volume 9, Issue 1, Pages 123-128 doi: 10.1007/s11684-014-0366-7

Abstract: innovative technologies develop, other educational models have emerged to aid in obtaining competency in basicresident’s overall training is also necessary to provide knowledge and skills toward competency in basicusing the TEE modality to help in intraoperative management and surgical decision making, publishing basic

Keywords： transesophageal echocardiography guidelines training competency

HTML PDF Collect

Three-dimensional numerical simulation of the basic pulse tube refrigerator

DING Wenjing, GONG Liang, HE Yaling, TAO Wenquan

Frontiers in Energy 2008, Volume 2, Issue 1, Pages 48-53 doi: 10.1007/s11708-008-0008-3

Abstract: A three-dimensional physical and numerical model of the basic pulse tube refrigerator (PTR) was developed

Keywords： refrigeration mechanism three-dimensional compressible numerical understanding

HTML PDF Collect

New Development of the Basic Theory of Extenics

Cai Wen,Yang Chunyan,He Bin

Strategic Study of CAE 2003, Volume 5, Issue 2, Pages 80-87

Abstract:

The new development of three basic theories of extenics, including basic element theory, extension

Keywords： extenics basic element extension set extension logic

HTML PDF Collect

The Development Status and Prospect of China’s Critical Basic Materials

Tu Hailing,Li Tengfei and Ma Fei

Strategic Study of CAE 2017, Volume 19, Issue 3, Pages 125-135 doi: 10.15302/J-SSCAE-2017.03.018

Abstract:

Critical basic materials are a key factor in the development of the manufacturingThis paper describes the current status of critical basic materials in China and abroad, and presents, it puts forward suggestions for government policies that will promote the development of critical basic

Keywords： critical basic materials development status policy suggestion